Ransomware is a type of malware that infects a computer system and encrypts the files on it. The attackers then demand payment, usually in the form of cryptocurrency, in exchange for the decryption key. This type of malware has become increasingly common in recent years, with high-profile attacks affecting individuals, businesses, and even entire cities.
WannaCry
One of the most well-known examples of ransomware is WannaCry. This malware attack affected more than 200,000 computers in 150 countries in May 2017. The attack targeted computers running outdated versions of Microsoft Windows, using a vulnerability that had been exploited by the National Security Agency (NSA) before being leaked by a group of hackers known as The Shadow Brokers.
Once a computer was infected with WannaCry, its files were encrypted and a ransom note demanded payment of $300 in Bitcoin. The attack caused widespread disruption, particularly in the healthcare sector, with hospitals and clinics unable to access patient records or schedule appointments.
Petya
Petya is another example of ransomware that caused significant damage. The malware first appeared in 2016 and was designed to encrypt the Master File Table (MFT) of infected computers, rendering them unusable. In June 2017, a new variant of Petya, known as NotPetya, caused widespread disruption, particularly in Ukraine.
NotPetya was initially believed to be a ransomware attack, with a ransom note demanding payment of $300 in Bitcoin. However, it later emerged that the malware was designed to cause destruction rather than generate revenue. NotPetya spread rapidly, affecting computers in more than 60 countries and causing billions of dollars in damage.
Cryptolocker
Cryptolocker is another well-known example of ransomware that first appeared in 2013. The malware was typically spread through phishing emails, with the attackers posing as legitimate companies or individuals. Once a computer was infected, Cryptolocker encrypted all of its files and demanded payment of $300 in Bitcoin for the decryption key.
Cryptolocker was particularly effective because it used strong encryption methods that made it almost impossible to recover files without the decryption key. The malware is estimated to have generated millions of dollars in revenue for the attackers.
Conclusion
Ransomware is a growing threat that can cause significant damage to individuals and businesses alike. It is important to take steps to prevent infection, such as keeping software up to date and using anti-malware software. If a computer is infected with ransomware, it is important to seek help from a professional rather than paying the ransom, as there is no guarantee that the attackers will provide the decryption key.
